What is the purpose of a systematic review in the context of EIP?

A systematic review serves the vital role of synthesizing and evaluating existing research findings to answer a specific research question, particularly in the context of Evidence-Informed Practice (EIP). This process involves a comprehensive and methodical search of literature, selection of studies based on rigorous criteria, and the integration of data from multiple studies to provide an overall assessment of the evidence.

The strength of a systematic review lies in its ability to draw conclusions that are based on a broader array of research than any single study could provide. This is essential for informing decisions in practice, as it allows practitioners to base their actions on a more comprehensive understanding of the evidence regarding the efficacy and effectiveness of treatments.

In contrast, a single study focuses on specific findings from one piece of research, which may not provide a complete picture. Gathering expert opinions may provide insights, but these are subjective and do not represent the empirical evidence needed for informed practice. Conducting clinical trials is essential for generating new data but falls outside the purview of a systematic review, which interprets and synthesizes existing studies rather than testing new interventions. Thus, synthesizing and evaluating research is the core purpose of a systematic review within EIP.